1.0 SIGNS, SYMPTOMS, AND PRESENTATIONS
1.1 Abnormal Vital Sign Physiology 1.1.1 Hypothermia
1.1.2 Fever
1.1.3 Bradycardia
1.1.4 Tachycardia
1.1.5 Apnea
1.1.6 Tachypnea 1.1.7 Hypoxia 1.1.8 Hypotension 1.1.9 Hypertension
1.2 Pain
1.2.1 Pain (unspecified)
1.2.2 Headache (See 12.3) 1.2.3 Eye pain
1.2.4 Chest pain
1.2.5 Abdominal pain 1.2.6 Pelvic pain
1.2.7 Back pain
1.3 General
1.3.1 Altered mental status
1.3.2 Anuria
1.3.3 Anxiety
1.3.4 Ascites
1.3.5 Ataxia
1.3.6 Auditory disturbances
1.3.7 Bleeding
1.3.8 Congestion/Rhinorrhea
1.3.9 Constipation
1.3.10 Cough
1.3.11 Crying/Fussiness
1.3.12 Cyanosis
1.3.13 Dehydration
1.3.14 Diarrhea
1.3.15 Dysmenorrhea
1.3.16 Dysphagia
1.3.17 Dysuria
1.3.18 Edema
1.3.19 Failure to thrive
1.3.20 Fatigue/Malaise
1.3.21 Feeding problems
1.3.22 Hematemesis 1.3.23 Hematuria 1.3.24 Hemoptysis
1.3.25 Hiccup
1.3.26 Jaundice
1.3.27 Joint swelling
1.3.28 Lethargy
1.3.29 Lightheadedness/Dizziness
1.3.30 Limp
1.3.31 Lymphadenopathy
1.3.32 Mechanical and indwelling devices, complications
1.3.33 Nausea/Vomiting
1.3.34 Occupational exposure
1.3.35 Palpitations
1.3.36 Paralysis
1.3.37 Paresthesia/Dysesthesia
1.3.38 Poisoning
1.3.39 Pruritus
1.3.40 Rash
1.3.41 Rectal bleeding
1.3.42 Shock
1.3.43 Shortness of breath
1.3.44 Sore throat
1.3.45 Stridor
1.3.46 Syncope
1.3.47 Tinnitus
1.3.48 Tremor
1.3.49 Urinary incontinence
1.3.50 Urinary retention
1.3.51 Vaginal bleeding
1.3.52 Vaginal discharge
1.3.53 Vertigo
1.3.54 Visual disturbances
1.3.55 Weakness
1.3.56 Wheezing
2.0 ABDOMINAL AND GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS
2.1 Abdominal Wall 2.1.1 Hernias
2.2 Esophagus
2.2.1 Infectious disorders
2.2.1.1 Candida (See 4.4.2.1, 7.5.7)
2.2.1.2 Viral esophagitis 2.2.2 Inflammatory disorders 2.2.2.1 Esophagitis
2.2.2.2 Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)
2.2.2.3 Toxic effects of caustic (See 17.1.14)
2.2.2.3.1 Acid
2.2.2.3.2 Alkali
2.2.3 Motor abnormalities
2.2.3.1 Spasms
2.2.4 Structural disorders
2.2.4.1 Boerhaave’s syndrome 2.2.4.2 Diverticula
2.2.4.3 Foreign body
2.2.4.4 Hernias
2.2.4.5 Mallory-Weiss syndrome 2.2.4.6 Stricture and stenosis 2.2.4.7 Tracheoesophageal fistula 2.2.4.8 Varices
2.2.5 Tumors
2.3 Liver
2.3.1 Cirrhosis
2.3.1.1 Alcoholic
2.3.1.2 Biliary obstructive 2.3.1.3 Drug-induced
2.3.2 Hepatorenal failure
2.3.3 Infectious disorders
2.3.3.1 Abscess
2.3.3.2 Hepatitis 2.3.3.2.1 Acute 2.3.3.2.2 Chronic
2.3.4 Tumors
2.4 Gall Bladder and Biliary Tract
2.4.1 Cholangitis 2.4.2 Cholecystitis
2.4.3 Cholelithiasis/Choledocholithiasis 2.4.4 Tumors
2.5 Pancreas
2.5.1 Pancreatitis
2.5.2 Tumors
2.6 Peritoneum
2.6.1 Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
2.7 Stomach
2.7.1 Infectious disorders
2.7.2 Inflammatory disorders
2.7.2.1 Gastritis
2.7.3 Peptic ulcer disease
2.7.3.1 Hemorrhage
2.7.3.2 Perforation
2.7.4 Structural disorders
2.7.4.1 Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
2.7.4.2 Foreign body
2.7.5 Tumors
2.8 Small Bowel
2.8.1 Infectious disorders 2.8.2 Inflammatory disorders
2.8.2.1 Regional enteritis/Crohn’s disease 2.8.3 Motor abnormalities
2.8.3.1 Obstruction
2.8.3.2 Paralytic ileus 2.8.4 Structural disorders
2.8.4.1 Aortoenteric fistula 2.8.4.2 Congenital anomalies 2.8.4.3 Intestinal malabsorption 2.8.4.4 Meckel's diverticulum
2.8.5 Tumors
2.8.6 Vascular insufficiency
2.9 Large Bowel
2.9.1 Infectious disorders
2.9.1.1 Antibiotic-associated 2.9.1.2 Bacterial
2.9.1.3 Parasitic
2.9.1.4 Viral
2.9.2 Inflammatory disorders 2.9.2.1 Appendicitis
2.9.2.2 Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) 2.9.2.3 Radiation colitis
2.9.2.4 Ulcerative colitis
2.9.3 Motor abnormalities
2.9.3.1 Hirschsprung’s disease
2.9.3.2 Irritable bowel
2.9.3.3 Obstruction
2.9.4 Structural disorders
2.9.4.1 Congenital anomalies 2.9.4.2 Diverticula
2.9.4.3 Intussusception
2.9.4.4 Volvulus
2.9.5 Tumors
2.10 Rectum and Anus
2.10.1 Infectious disorders
2.10.1.1 Perianal/Anal abscess 2.10.1.2 Perirectal abscess 2.10.1.3 Pilonidal cyst and abscess
2.10.2 Inflammatory disorders 2.10.2.1 Proctitis
2.10.3 Structural disorders
2.10.3.1 Anal fissure 2.10.3.2 Anal fistula 2.10.3.3 Congenital anomalies 2.10.3.4 Foreign body 2.10.3.5 Hemorrhoids 2.10.3.6 Rectal prolapse
2.10.4 Tumors
2.11 Spleen
2.11.1 Asplenism
2.11.2 Splenomegaly
2.11.3 Vascular insufficiency/Infarction
3.0 CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
3.1 Cardiopulmonary Arrest
3.1.1 Sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) 3.1.2 Pulseless electrical activity
3.2 Congenital Abnormalities of the Cardiovascular System
3.3 Disorders of Circulation
3.3.1 Arterial
3.3.1.1 Aneurysm
3.3.1.2 Aortic dissection
3.3.1.3 Thromboembolism 3.3.2 Venous
3.3.2.1 Thromboembolism (See 16.6.2)
3.4 Disturbances of Cardiac Rhythm
3.4.1 Cardiac dysrhythmias
3.4.1.1 Ventricular
3.4.1.2 Supraventricular
3.4.2 Conduction disorders
3.5 Diseases of the Myocardium, Acquired
3.5.1 Cardiac failure
3.5.1.1 Cor pulmonale 3.5.1.2 High output 3.5.1.3 Low output
3.5.2 Cardiomyopathy
3.5.2.1 Hypertrophic
3.5.3 Congestive heart failure
3.5.4 Coronary syndromes
3.5.5 Ischemic heart disease
3.5.6 Myocardial infarction
3.5.7 Myocarditis
3.5.8 Ventricular aneurysm
3.6 Diseases of the Pericardium
3.6.1 Pericardial tamponade (See 18.1.2.6) 3.6.2 Pericarditis
3.7 Endocarditis
3.8 Hypertension
3.9 Tumors
3.10 Valvular Disorders
4.0 CUTANEOUS DISORDERS
4.1 Cancers of the Skin 4.1.1 Basal cell
4.1.2 Kaposi's sarcoma 4.1.3 Melanoma
4.1.4 Squamous cell
4.2 Ulcerative Lesions 4.2.1 Decubitus
4.2.2 Venous stasis
4.3 Dermatitis
4.3.1 Atopic
4.3.2 Contact 4.3.3 Eczema 4.3.4 Psoriasis 4.3.5 Seborrhea
4.4 Infections
4.4.1 Bacterial
4.4.1.1 Abscess
4.4.1.2 Cellulitis
4.4.1.3 Erysipelas
4.4.1.4 Impetigo
4.4.1.5 Necrotizing infection
4.4.2 Fungal
4.4.2.1 Candida (See 2.2.1.1, 7.5.7)
4.4.2.2 Dermatophytes
4.4.3 Ectoparasites
4.4.4 Viral
4.4.4.1 Aphthous ulcers
4.4.4.2 Childhood exanthems (See 10.6.8, 10.6.9)
4.4.4.3 Herpes simplex (See 10.6.4, 13.1.3.1)
4.4.4.4 Herpes zoster (See 10.6.5)
4.4.4.5 Human papillomavirus (HPV) (See 13.1.3.2)
4.4.4.6 Molluscum contagiosum
4.5 Maculopapular Lesions
4.5.1 Erythema multiforme
4.5.2 Erythema nodosum
4.5.3 Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) 4.5.4 Pityriasis rosea
4.5.5 Purpura
4.5.6 Urticaria
4.6 Papular/Nodular Lesions
4.6.1 Hemangioma/Lymphangioma
4.6.2 Lipoma
4.6.3 Sebaceous cyst
4.7 Vesicular/Bullous Lesions 4.7.1 Pemphigus
4.7.2 Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome 4.7.3 Stevens-Johnson syndrome
4.7.4 Toxic epidermal necrolysis
4.7.5 Bullous pemphigoid
5.0 ENDOCRINE, METABOLIC, AND NUTRITIONAL DISORDERS
5.1.1.1 Acidosis
5.1 Acid-base Disturbances
5.1.1 Metabolic or respiratory
5.2.1 Corticoadrenal insufficiency
5.3 Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances
5.3.1 Calcium metabolism
5.3.2 Fluid overload/Volume depletion
5.1.1.2 Alkalosis
5.1.2 Mixed acid-base balance disorder
5.2 Adrenal Disease
5.2.2 Cushing’s syndrome
5.3.3 Potassium metabolism 5.3.4 Sodium metabolism 5.3.5 Magnesium metabolism
5.3.6 Phosphorus metabolism
5.4 Glucose Metabolism
5.4.1 Diabetes mellitus
5.4.1.1 Type I 5.4.1.2 Type II
5.4.1.3 Complications in glucose metabolism 5.4.1.3.1 Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
5.4.1.3.2 Hyperglycemia 5.4.1.3.3 Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
5.4.1.3.4 Hypoglycemia
5.5 Nutritional Disorders
5.5.1 Vitamin deficiencies
5.5.2 Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
5.5.3 Malabsorption
5.6 Parathyroid Disease
5.7 Pituitary Disorders
5.7.1 Panhypopituitarism
5.8 Thyroid Disorders
5.8.1 Hyperthyroidism 5.8.2 Hypothyroidism 5.8.3 Thyroiditis
5.9 Tumors of Endocrine Glands 5.9.1 Adrenal 5.9.1.1 Pheochromocytoma
5.9.2 Pituitary
5.9.3 Thyroid
6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL DISORDERS 6.1 Bites and Envenomation (See 18.1.3.2) 6.1.1 Arthropods
6.1.1.1 Insects
6.1.1.2 Arachnida
6.1.2 Mammals
6.1.3 Marine organisms (See 17.1.28)
6.1.4 Reptiles
6.2 Dysbarism
6.2.1 Air embolism
6.2.2 Barotrauma
6.2.3 Decompression syndrome
6.3 Electrical Injury (See 18.1.3.3.1) 6.3.1 Lightning
6.4 High-altitude Illness
6.4.1 Acute mountain sickness
6.4.2 Barotrauma of ascent
6.4.3 High-altitude cerebral edema 6.4.4 High-altitude pulmonary edema
6.5 Submersion Incidents
6.5.1 Cold water immersion 6.5.2 Near drowning
6.6 Temperature-related Illness
6.6.1 Heat
6.6.1.1 Heat exhaustion
6.6.1.2 Heat stroke
6.6.2 Cold
6.6.2.1 Frostbite
6.6.2.2 Hypothermia
6.7 Radiation Emergencies
7.0 HEAD, EAR, EYE, NOSE, THROAT DISORDERS 7.1 Ear
7.1.1 Foreign body
7.1.2 Labyrinthitis
7.1.3 Mastoiditis
7.1.4 Ménière’s disease
7.1.5 Otitis externa
7.1.5.1 Infective 7.1.5.1.1 7.1.1.1 Impacted cerumen
7.1.6 Otitis media
7.1.7 Perforated tympanic membrane (See 18.1.11.2)
7.1.8 Perichondritis
7.2 Eye
7.2.1 External eye
7.2.1.1 Blepharitis 7.2.1.2 Burn confined to eye (See 18.1.10.2)
7.2.1.3 Conjunctivitis
7.2.1.4 Corneal abrasions (See 18.1.10.1)
7.2.1.5 Dacryocystitis
7.2.1.6 Disorders of lacrimal system
7.2.1.7 Foreign body
7.2.1.8 Inflammation of the eyelids
7.2.1.8.1 Chalazion
7.2.1.8.2 Hordeolum
7.2.1.9 Keratitis
7.2.2 Anterior pole
7.2.2.1 Glaucoma
7.2.2.2 Hyphema (See 18.1.10.5)
7.2.2.3 Iritis (See 18.1.10.9)
7.2.2.4 Hypopyon
7.2.3 Posterior pole
7.2.3.1 Choroiditis/Chorioretinitis 7.2.3.2 Optic neuritis 7.2.3.3 Papilledema 7.2.3.4 Retinal detachments and defects (See 18.1.10.8)
7.2.3.5 Retinal vascular occlusion
7.2.4 Orbit
7.2.4.1 Cellulitis
7.2.4.1.1 Preseptal
7.2.4.1.2 Postseptal 7.2.4.2 Purulent endophthalmitis
7.3 Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis 7.3.1 Cavernous sinus thrombosis
7.4 Nose
7.4.1 Epistaxis
7.4.2 Foreign body
7.4.3 Rhinitis
7.4.4 Sinusitis
7.5 Oropharynx/Throat
7.5.1 Dentalgia 7.5.2 Diseases of the oral soft tissue 7.5.2.1 Ludwig's angina 7.5.2.2 Stomatitis 7.5.3 Diseases of the salivary glands 7.5.3.1 Sialolithiasis
7.5.3.2 Suppurative parotitis
7.5.4 Foreign body 7.5.5 Gingival and periodontal disorders 7.5.5.1 Gingivostomatitis Larynx/Trachea
7.5.6 Larynx/Trachea 7.5.6.1 Epiglottitis (See 16.1.1.2) 7.5.6.2 Laryngitis
7.5.6.3 Tracheitis
7.5.7 Oral candidiasis (See 2.2.1.1, 4.4.2.1) 7.5.8 Dental abscess 7.5.9 Peritonsillar abscess 7.5.10 Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis 7.5.11 Retropharyngeal abscess 7.5.12 Temporomandibular joint disorders
7.6 Tumors
8.0 HEMATOLOGIC DISORDERS 8.1 Blood Transfusion 8.1.1 Complications
8.2 Hemostatic Disorders
8.2.1 Coagulation defects 8.2.1.1 Acquired
8.2.1.2 Hemophilias
8.2.2 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
8.2.3 Platelet disorders
8.2.3.1 Thrombocytopenia
8.3 Lymphomas
8.4 Pancytopenia
8.5 Red Blood Cell Disorders
8.5.1 Anemias
8.5.1.1 Aplastic
8.5.1.2 Hemoglobinopathies
8.5.1.2.1 Sickle cell disease
8.5.1.3 Hemolytic
8.5.1.4 Hypochromic
8.5.1.4.1 Iron deficiency
8.5.1.5 Megaloblastic
8.5.2 Polycythemia
8.5.3 Methemoglobinemia (See 17.1.29)
8.6 White Blood Cell Disorders 8.6.1 Leukemia
8.6.2 Multiple myeloma 8.6.3 Leukopenia
9.0 IMMUNE SYSTEM DISORDERS
9.1 Collagen Vascular Disease
9.1.1 Raynaud’s disease
9.1.2 Reiter’s syndrome
9.1.3 Rheumatoid arthritis (See 11.3.1.3) 9.1.4 Scleroderma
9.1.5 Systemic lupus erythematosus 9.1.6 Vasculitis 9.2 Hypersensitivity
9.2.1 Allergic reaction
9.2.2 Anaphylaxis
9.2.3 Angioedema
9.2.4 Drug allergies
9.3 Transplant-related Problems 9.3.1 Immunosuppression 9.3.2 Rejection
9.4 Immune Complex Disorders 9.4.1 Kawasaki syndrome 9.4.2 Rheumatic fever 9.4.3 Sarcoidosis
9.4.4 Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (See 15.3.1)
10.0 SYSTEMIC INFECTIOUS DISORDERS
10.1 Bacterial
10.1.1 Bacterial food poisoning
10.1.1.1 Botulism
10.1.2 Chlamydia
10.1.3 Gonococcus
10.1.4 Meningococcus
10.1.5 Mycobacterium
10.1.5.1 Atypical mycobacteria
10.1.5.2 Tuberculosis
10.1.6 Other bacterial diseases
10.1.6.1 Gas gangrene (See 11.6.3)
10.1.7 Sepsis/Bacteremia
10.1.7.1 Shock
10.1.7.2 Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) 10.1.7.3 Toxic shock syndrome
10.1.8 Spirochetes 10.1.8.1 Syphilis
10.1.9 Tetanus
10.2 Biological Warfare Agents
10.3 Fungal Infections
10.4 Protozoan/Parasites 10.4.1 Malaria
10.4.2 Toxoplasmosis
10.5 Tick-Borne
10.5.1 Ehrlichiosis
10.5.2 Lyme disease
10.5.3 Rocky Mountain spotted fever
10.6 Viral
10.6.1 Infectious mononucleosis
10.6.2 Influenza/Parainfluenza
10.6.3 Hantavirus
10.6.4 Herpes simplex (See 4.4.4.3, 13.1.3.1) 10.6.5 Herpes zoster/Varicella (See 4.4.4.4) 10.6.6 HIV/AIDS
10.6.7 Rabies
10.6.8 Roseola (See 4.4.4.2)
10.6.9 Rubella (See 4.4.4.2) 10.7 Emerging Infections, Pandemics, and Drug Resistance
11.0 MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS (NONTRAUMATIC)
11.1 Bony Abnormalities
11.1.1 Aseptic/Avascular necrosis 11.1.2 Osteomyelitis
11.1.3 Tumors
11.2 Disorders of the Spine
11.2.1 Disc disorders
11.2.2 Inflammatory spondylopathies 11.2.3 Low back pain
11.2.3.1 Cauda equina syndrome (See 18.1.15.1)
11.2.3.2 Sacroiliitis 11.2.3.3 Sprains/Strains
11.3 Joint Abnormalities
11.3.1 Arthritis 11.3.1.1 Septic 11.3.1.2 Crystal arthropathies 11.3.1.3 Rheumatoid (See 9.1.3) 11.3.1.4 Juvenile
11.3.1.5 Osteoarthrosis
11.3.2 Congenital dislocation of the hip
11.3.3 Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
11.4 Muscle Abnormalities 11.4.1 Myositis
11.4.2 Rhabdomyolysis
11.5 Overuse Syndromes 11.5.1 Bursitis
11.5.2 Muscle strains
11.5.3 Peripheral nerve syndrome
11.5.3.1 Carpal tunnel syndrome 11.5.4 Tendonitis
11.6 Soft Tissue Infections 11.6.1 Fasciitis
11.6.2 Felon
11.6.3 Gangrene (See 10.1.6.1) 11.6.4 Paronychia
11.6.5 Synovitis/Tenosynovitis
12.0 NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS
12.1 Cranial Nerve Disorders
12.1.1 Idiopathic facial nerve paralysis (Bell’s palsy) 12.1.2 Trigeminal neuralgia
12.2 Demyelinating Disorders
12.2.1 Multiple sclerosis
12.3 Headache (See 1.2.2) 12.3.1 Tension
12.3.2 Vascular 12.3.3 Cluster
12.4 Hydrocephalus
12.4.1 Normal pressure 12.4.2 VP shunt
12.5 Infections/Inflammatory Disorders 12.5.1 Encephalitis
12.5.2 Intracranial and intraspinal abscess 12.5.3 Meningitis
12.5.3.1 Bacterial
12.5.3.2 Viral 12.5.4 Myelitis
12.5.5 Neuritis
12.6 Movement Disorders
12.6.1 Dystonic reaction 12.6.2 Chorea/Choreiform
12.6.3 Tardive dyskinesia
12.7 Neuromuscular Disorders
12.7.1 Guillain-Barré syndrome 12.7.2 Myasthenia gravis 12.7.3 Peripheral neuropathy
12.8 Other Conditions of the Brain 12.8.1 Dementia (See 14.5.3) 12.8.2 Parkinson’s disease 12.8.3 Pseudotumor cerebri
12.9 Seizure Disorders 12.9.1 Febrile
12.9.2 Neonatal
12.9.3 Status epilepticus
12.9.3.1 Nonconvulsive
12.10 Spinal Cord Compression
12.11 Stroke
12.11.1 Hemorrhagic
12.11.1.1 Intracerebral
12.11.1.2 Subarachnoid
12.11.2 Ischemic
12.11.2.1 Embolic 12.11.2.2 Thrombotic
12.12 Transient Cerebral Ischemia 12.13 Tumors
13.0 OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 13.1 Female Genital Tract 13.1.1 Cervix
13.1.1.1 Cervicitis and endocervicitis
13.1.1.2 Tumors
13.1.2 Infectious disorders
13.1.2.1 Pelvic inflammatory disease 13.1.2.1.1 Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome 13.1.2.1.2 Tuboovarian abscess
13.1.2.2 Urethritis
13.1.3 Lesions
13.1.3.1 Herpes simplex (See 4.4.4.3, 10.6.4) 13.1.3.2 Human papillomavirus (HPV) (See 4.4.4.5)
13.1.4 Ovary 13.1.4.1 Cyst
13.1.4.2 Torsion
13.1.4.3 Tumors
13.1.5 Uterus
13.1.5.1 Dysfunctional bleeding 13.1.5.2 Endometriosis
13.1.5.3 Prolapse
13.1.5.4 Tumors
13.1.5.4.1 Gestational trophoblastic disease
13.1.5.4.2 Leiomyoma
13.1.6 V agina and vulva
13.1.6.1 Bartholin’s cyst 13.1.6.2 Foreign body 13.1.6.3 Vaginitis/Vulvovaginitis
13.2 Normal Pregnancy
13.3 Complications of Pregnancy
13.3.1 Abortion 13.3.2 Ectopic pregnancy 13.3.3 Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (HELLP) syndrome 13.3.4 Hemorrhage, antepartum
13.3.4.1 Abruptio placentae (See 18.2.1)
13.3.4.2 Placenta previa 13.3.5 Hyperemesis gravidarum 13.3.6 Gestational hypertension
13.3.6.1 Eclampsia
13.3.6.2 Preeclampsia 13.3.7 Infections 13.3.8 Rh isoimmunization
13.3.9 First trimester bleeding 13.3.10 Gestational diabetes
13.4 High-risk Pregnancy
13.4.1 Assisted reproductive therapies
13.5 Normal Labor and Delivery
13.6 Complications of Labor 13.6.1 Fetal distress
13.6.2 Premature labor (See 18.2.3) 13.6.3 Premature rupture of membranes 13.6.4 Rupture of uterus (See 18.2.4)
13.7 Complications of Delivery 13.7.1 Malposition of fetus 13.7.2 Nuchal cord
13.7.3 Prolapse of cord
13.8 Postpartum Complications 13.8.1 Endometritis 13.8.2 Hemorrhage
13.8.3 Mastitis
13.8.4 Pituitary infarction
13.9 Contraception

14.0 PSYCHOBEHAVIORAL DISORDERS
14.1 Addictive Behavior
14.1.1 Alcohol dependence 14.1.2 Drug dependence 14.1.3 Eating disorders 14.1.4 Substance abuse 14.1.5 Tobacco dependence 14.2 Mood Disorders and Thought Disorders
14.2.1 Acute psychosis 14.2.2 Bipolar disorder
14.2.3 Depression
14.2.3.1 Suicidal risk 14.2.4 Grief reaction
14.2.5 Schizophrenia
14.3 Factitious Disorders
14.3.1 Drug-diversion behavior
14.3.2 Munchausen syndrome/Munchausen by proxy
14.4 Neurotic Disorders 14.4.1 Anxiety/Panic
14.4.2 Obsessive compulsive 14.4.3 Phobic
14.4.4 Post-traumatic stress
14.5 Organic Psychoses
14.5.1 Chronic organic psychotic conditions 14.5.1.1 Alcoholic psychoses
14.5.1.2 Drug psychoses 14.5.2 Delirium
14.5.3 Dementia (See 12.8.1)
14.5.4 Intoxication and/or withdrawal
14.5.4.1 Alcohol (See 17.1.2) 14.5.4.2 Hallucinogens (See 17.1.17) 14.5.4.3 Opioids (See 17.1.1.3) 14.5.4.4 Sedatives/Hypnotics/Anxiolytics (See 17.1.35)
14.5.4.5 Sympathomimetics and cocaine (See 17.1.36;17.1.15)
14.5.4.6 Anticholinergic (See 17.1.4)
14.6 Patterns of Violence/Abuse/Neglect
14.6.1 Interpersonal violence
14.6.1.1 Child, intimate partner, elder
14.6.2 Homicidal Risk
14.6.3 Sexual assault
14.6.4 Staff/Patient safety
14.7 Personality Disorders
14.8 Psychosomatic Disorders
14.8.1 Hypochondriasis 14.8.2 Hysteria/Conversion
15.0 RENAL AND UROGENITAL DISORDERS
15.1 Acute and Chronic Renal Failure
15.2 Complications of Renal Dialysis
15.3 Glomerular Disorders
15.3.1 Glomerulonephritis (See 9.4.4) 15.3.2 Nephrotic syndrome
15.4 Infection
15.4.1 Cystitis
15.4.2 Pyelonephritis
15.5 Male Genital Tract
15.5.1 Genital lesions
15.5.2 Hernias
15.5.3 Inflammation/Infection
15.5.3.1 Balanitis/Balanoposthitis
15.5.3.2 Epididymitis/Orchitis 15.5.3.3 Gangrene of the scrotum (Fournier's gangrene)
15.5.3.4 Prostatitis
15.5.3.5 Urethritis 15.5.4 Structural
15.5.4.1 Paraphimosis/Phimosis 15.5.4.2 Priapism 15.5.4.3 Prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) 15.5.4.4 Torsion
15.5.5 Testicular masses
15.5.6 Tumors 15.5.6.1 Prostate 15.5.6.2 Testis
15.6 Nephritis
15.6.1 Hemolytic uremic syndrome
15.7 Structural Disorders
15.7.1 Calculus of urinary tract 15.7.2 Obstructive uropathy 15.7.3 Polycystic kidney disease
15.8 Tumors
16.0 THORACIC-RESPIRATORY DISORDERS 16.1 Acute Upper Airway Disorders 16.1.1 Infections
16.1.1.1 Croup
16.1.3 Tracheostomy/Complications
16.2 Disorders of Pleura, Mediastinum, and Chest Wall
16.2.1 Costochondritis
16.1.1.2 Epiglottitis (See 7.5.6.1)
16.1.2 Obstruction
16.2.2 Mediastinitis
16.2.3 Pleural effusion
16.2.4 Pleuritis 16.2.5 Pneumomediastinum
16.2.6 Pneumothorax (See 18.1.2.7)
16.2.6.1 Simple 16.2.6.2 Tension
16.2.6.3 Open 16.2.7 Empyema
16.3 Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema
16.4 Obstructive/Restrictive Lung Disease
16.4.1 Asthma/Reactive airway disease 16.4.2 Bronchitis and bronchiolitis
16.4.3 Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
16.4.4 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 16.4.5 Cystic fibrosis
16.4.6 Environmental/Industrial exposure 16.4.7 Foreign body
16.5 Physical and Chemical Irritants/Insults 16.5.1 Pneumoconiosis
16.5.2 Toxic effects of gases, fumes, vapors (See 18.1.3.3.2)
16.6 Pulmonary Embolism/Infarct 16.6.1 Septic emboli
16.6.2 Venous thromboembolism (See 3.3.2.1) 16.6.3 Fat emboli
16.7 Pulmonary Infections 16.7.1 Lung abscess
16.7.2 Pneumonia
16.7.2.1 Aspiration
16.7.2.2 Community-acquired
16.7.2.3 Health care-associated
16.7.3 Pulmonary tuberculosis
16.7.4 Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) 16.7.5 Pertussis
16.8 Tumors
16.8.1 Breast
16.8.2 Pulmonary
16.9 Pulmonary Hypertension
17.0 TOXICOLOGIC DISORDERS
17.1 Drug and Chemical Classes 17.1.1 Analgesics 17.1.1.1 Acetaminophen
17.1.2 Alcohol (See 14.5.4.1) 17.1.2.1 Ethanol 17.1.2.2 Glycol 17.1.2.3 Isopropyl
17.1.1.2 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDS) 17.1.1.3 Opiates and related narcotics (See 14.5.4.3) 17.1.1.4 Salicylates
17.1.2.4 Methanol
17.1.3 Anesthetics
17.1.4 Anticholinergics/Cholinergics (See 14.5.4.6)
17.1.5 Anticoagulants/Antithrombotics
17.1.6 Anticonvulsants
17.1.7 Antidepressants
17.1.8 Antiparkinsonism drugs
17.1.9 Antihistamines and antiemetics
17.1.10 Antipsychotics
17.1.11 Bronchodilators
17.1.12 Carbon monoxide
17.1.13 Cardiovascular drugs
17.1.13.1 Antiarrhythmics
17.1.13.1.1 Digitalis 17.1.13.2 Antihypertensives 17.1.13.3 Beta blockers 17.1.13.4 Calcium channel blockers
17.1.14 Caustic agents (See 2.2.2.3)
17.1.14.1 Acid 17.1.14.2 Alkali
17.1.15 Cocaine (See 14.5.4.5)
17.1.16 Cyanides, hydrogen sulfide
17.1.17 Hallucinogens (See 14.5.4.2)
17.1.18 Hazardous materials
17.1.19 Heavy metals
17.1.20 Herbicides, insecticides, and rodenticides
17.1.21 Household/Industrial chemicals
17.1.22 Hormones/Steroids
17.1.23 Hydrocarbons
17.1.24 Hypoglycemics/Insulin
17.1.25 Inhaled toxins
17.1.26 Iron
17.1.27 Isoniazid
17.1.28 Marine toxins (See 6.1.3)
17.1.29 Methemoglobinemia (See 8.5.3)
17.1.30 Mushrooms/Poisonous plants
17.1.31 Neuroleptics
17.1.32 Non-prescription drugs
17.1.33 Organophosphates
17.1.34 Recreational drugs
17.1.35 Sedatives/Hypnotics (See 14.5.4.4)
17.1.36 Stimulants/Sympathomimetics (See 14.5.4.5)
17.1.37 Strychnine
17.1.38 Lithium
17.1.39 Nutritional supplements
17.1.40 Chemical warfare agents
17.1.41 Antibiotics
17.1.42 Antiretrovirals
18.0 TRAUMATIC DISORDERS 18.1.1.1 Diaphragm
18.1 Trauma
18.1.1 Abdominal trauma
18.1.1.2 Hollow viscus 18.1.1.3 Penetrating 18.1.1.4 Retroperitoneum 18.1.1.5 Solid organ 18.1.1.6 Vascular
18.1.2 Chest trauma
18.1.2.1 Aortic dissection/Disruption
18.1.2.2 Contusion 18.1.2.2.1 Cardiac
18.1.2.2.2 Pulmonary
18.1.2.3 Fracture 18.1.2.3.1 Clavicle
18.1.2.3.2 Ribs/Flail chest
18.1.2.3.3 Sternum
18.1.2.4 Hemothorax 18.1.2.5 Penetrating chest trauma 18.1.2.6 Pericardial tamponade (See 3.6.1) 18.1.2.7 Pneumothorax (See 16.2.6)
18.1.2.7.1 Simple 18.1.2.7.2 Tension
18.1.2.7.3 Open
18.1.3 Cutaneous injuries 18.1.3.1 Avulsions
18.1.3.2 Bite wounds (See 6.1) 18.1.3.3 Burns 18.1.3.3.1 Electrical (See 6.3) 18.1.3.3.2 Chemical (See 16.5.2) 18.1.3.3.3 Thermal
18.1.3.4 Lacerations
18.1.3.5 Puncture wounds
18.1.4 Facial fractures
18.1.5.1 Bladder 18.1.5.2 External genitalia
18.1.4.1 Dental
18.1.4.2 Le Fort 18.1.4.3 Mandibular
18.1.4.4 Orbital
18.1.4.5 Nasal 18.1.4.5.1 Septal hematoma
18.1.4.6 Zygomatic arch
18.1.5 Genitourinary trauma
18.1.5.1 Bladder
18.1.5.2 External Genitalia
18.1.5.3 Renal
18.1.5.4 Ureteral
18.1.5.5 Urethral
18.1.6.1 Intracranial injury
18.1.6 Head trauma
18.1.6.2 Scalp lacerations/Avulsions
18.1.6.3 Skull fractures
18.1.7 Injuries of the spine
18.1.7.1 Dislocations/Subluxations
18.1.7.2 Fractures
18.1.7.3 Sprains/Strains
18.1.8 Extremity bony trauma
18.1.8.1 Dislocations/Subluxations
18.1.8.2 Fractures (open and closed)
18.1.9 Neck trauma
18.1.9.1 Laryngotracheal injuries 18.1.9.2 Penetrating neck trauma 18.1.9.3 Vascular injuries
18.1.9.3.1 Carotid artery 18.1.9.3.2 Jugular vein
18.1.9.4 Strangulation 18.1.10 Ophthalmologic trauma
18.1.10.1 Corneal abrasions/Lacerations (See 7.2.1.4)
18.1.10.2 Corneal burns (See 7.2.1.2)
18.1.10.2.1 Acid
18.1.10.2.2 Alkali 18.1.10.2.3 Ultraviolet 18.1.10.3 Eyelid lacerations
18.1.10.4 Foreign body (See 19.4.4.8)
18.1.10.5 Hyphema (See 7.2.2.2)
18.1.10.6 Lacrimal duct injuries
18.1.10.7 Penetrating globe injuries
18.1.10.8 Retinal detachments (See 7.2.3.4)
18.1.10.9 Traumatic iritis (See 7.2.2.3) 18.1.10.10 Retrobulbar hematoma
18.1.11 Otologic trauma
18.1.11.1 Hematoma
18.1.11.2 Perforated tympanic membrane (See 7.1.7)
18.1.12 Pediatric fractures
18.1.12.1 Epiphyseal
18.1.12.1.1 Salter-Harris classification
18.1.12.2 Greenstick
18.1.12.3 Torus
18.1.13 Pelvic fracture
18.1.14 Soft-tissue extremity injuries 18.1.14.1 Amputations/Replantation
18.1.14.2 Compartment syndromes 18.1.14.3 High-pressure injection 18.1.14.4 Injuries to joints 18.1.14.5 Penetrating trauma 18.1.14.6 Periarticular 18.1.14.7 Sprains/Strains 18.1.14.8 Tendon injuries
18.1.14.8.1 Lacerations/Transections 18.1.14.8.2 Ruptures
18.1.14.8.2.1 Achilles tendon 18.1.14.8.2.2 Patellar tendon
18.1.14.9 Vascular injuries
18.1.15 Spinal cord and nervous system trauma
18.1.15.1 Cauda equina syndrome (See 12.2.3.1)
18.1.15.2 Injury to nerve roots 18.1.15.3 Peripheral nerve injury 18.1.15.4 Spinal cord injury
18.1.15.4.1 Spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormality (SCIWORA)
18.2 Trauma in Pregnancy
18.2.1 Abruptio placentae (See 13.3.4.1)
18.2.2 Perimortem C-section (See 19.4.8.2)
18.2.3 Premature labor (See 13.6.2) 18.2.4 Rupture of uterus (See 13.6.4)
18.3 Multi-system Trauma 18.3.1 Blast injury
19.0 PROCEDURES AND SKILLS INTEGRAL TO THE PRACTICE OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
19.1 Airway Techniques 19.1.1 Intubation
19.1.2 Airway adjuncts
19.1.3 Surgical airway
19.1.4 Mechanical ventilation
19.1.5 Non-invasive ventilatory management 19.1.6 Ventilatory monitoring
19.2 Resuscitation
19.2.1 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation 19.2.2 Neonatal resuscitation
19.2.3 Pediatric resuscitation
19.2.4 Post-resuscitative care
19.2.5 Blood, fluid, and component therapy 19.2.6 Arterial catheter insertion
19.2.7 Central venous access
19.2.8 Intraosseous infusion
19.2.9 Defibrillation
19.2.10 Thoracotomy
19.3 Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management
19.3.1 Local anesthesia
19.3.2 Regional nerve block
19.3.3 Procedural sedation and analgesia 19.4 Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures
19.4.1 Abdominal and gastrointestinal 19.4.1.1 Anoscopy
19.4.1.2 Excision of thrombosed hemorrhoid
19.4.1.3 Gastric lavage
19.4.1.4 Gastrostomy tube replacement
19.4.1.5 Nasogastric tube
19.4.1.6 Paracentesis
19.4.2 Cardiovascular and Thoracic
19.4.2.1 Cardiac pacing
19.4.2.2 Cardioversion
19.4.2.3 ECG interpretation
19.4.2.4 Pericardiocentesis
19.4.2.5 Thoracentesis
19.4.2.6 Thoracostomy
19.4.3 Cutaneous
19.4.3.1 Escharotomy
19.4.3.2 Incision and drainage 19.4.3.3 Trephination, nails 19.4.3.4 Wound closure techniques 19.4.3.5 Wound management
19.4.4 Head, ear, eye, nose, and throat
19.4.4.1 Control of epistaxis 19.4.4.2 Drainage of peritonsillar abscess 19.4.4.3 Laryngoscopy 19.4.4.4 Lateral canthotomy 19.4.4.5 Slit lamp examination 19.4.4.6 Tonometry 19.4.4.7 Tooth stabilization 19.4.4.8 Corneal foreign body removal (See 18.1.10.4) 19.4.4.9 Drainage of hematoma
19.4.5 Systemic infectious
19.4.5.1 Personal protection (equipment and techniques) 19.4.5.2 Universal precautions and exposure management
19.4.6 Musculoskeletal 19.4.6.1 Arthrocentesis
19.4.6.2 Compartment pressure measurement 19.4.6.3 Fracture/Dislocation immobilization techniques 19.4.6.4 Fracture/Dislocation reduction techniques 19.4.6.5 Spine immobilization techniques 19.4.6.6 Fasciotomy
19.4.7 Nervous system 19.4.7.1 Lumbar puncture
19.4.8 Obstetrics and gynecology
19.4.8.1 Delivery of newborn
19.4.8.2 Perimortem c-section (See 18.2.2)
19.4.8.3 Sexual assault examination
19.4.9 Psychobehavioral
19.4.9.1 Psychiatric screening examination
19.4.9.2 Violent patient management/Restraint
19.4.10 Renal and urogenital
19.4.10.1 Bladder catheterization 19.4.10.1.1 Urethral catheter 19.4.10.1.2 Suprapubic catheter
19.4.10.2 Cystourethrogram
19.4.10.3 Testicular detorsion
19.4.11 Toxicologic
19.4.11.1 Decontamination
19.5 Other Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures 19.5.1 Foreign body removal
19.5.2 Collection and handling of forensic material 19.5.3 Ultrasound
19.5.3.1 Diagnostic 19.5.3.2 Procedural
20.0 OTHER CORE COMPETENCIES OF THE PRACTICE OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
20.1 Interpersonal and Communication Skills 0.1.1 Interpersonal skills
20.1.1.1 Inter-departmental and medical staff relations
20.1.1.2 Intra-departmental relations, teamwork, and collaboration skills
20.1.1.3 Patient and family experience of care 20.1.2 Communication skills
20.1.2.1 Complaint management and service recovery 20.1.2.2 Conflict management 20.1.2.3 Crisis resource management 20.1.2.4 Delivering bad news 20.1.2.5 Multicultural approach to the ED patient 20.1.2.6 Negotiation skills
20.2 Practice-based Learning and Improvement
20.2.1 Performance improvement and lifelong learning
20.2.1.1 Evidence-based medicine 20.2.1.2 Interpretation of medical literature 20.2.1.3 Knowledge translation 20.2.1.4 Patient safety and medical errors 20.2.1.5 Performance evaluation and feedback 20.2.1.6 Research
20.2.2 Practice guidelines
20.2.3 Education
20.2.3.1 Patient and family
20.2.3.2 Provider
20.2.4 Principles of quality improvement
20.3 Professionalism 20.3.1 Advocacy
20.3.1.1 Patient
20.3.1.2 Professional 20.3.2 Ethical principles
20.3.2.1 Conflicts of interest 20.3.2.2 Diversity awareness 20.3.2.3 Electronic communications/Social media 20.3.2.4 Medical ethics
20.3.3 Leadership and management principles
20.3.4 Well-being
20.3.4.1 Fatigue and impairment 20.3.4.2 Time management/Organizational skills 20.3.4.3 Work/Life balance 20.3.4.4 Work dysphoria (burn-out)
20.4 Systems-based Practice 20.4.1 Clinical informatics
20.4.1.1 Computerized order entry 20.4.1.2 Clinical decision support 20.4.1.3 Electronic health record 20.4.1.4 Health information integration
20.4.2 ED Administration
20.4.2.1 Contracts and practice models 20.4.2.2 Patient flow and throughput
20.4.2.2.1 Patient triage and classification 20.4.2.2.2 Hospital crowding and diversion 20.4.2.2.3 Observation and rapid treatment units
20.4.2.3 Financial principles
20.4.2.3.1 Billing and coding 20.4.2.3.2 Cost-effective care and resource utilization 20.4.2.3.3 Reimbursement issues
20.4.2.4 Human resource management
20.4.2.4.1 Allied health professionals
20.4.2.4.2 Recruitment, credentialing, and orientation
20.4.3 ED operations
20.4.3.1 Policies and procedures 20.4.3.2 ED data acquisition and operational metrics 20.4.3.3 Safety, security, and violence in the ED
20.4.4 Health care coordination
20.4.4.1 End-of-life and palliative care/Advance directives
20.4.4.2 Placement options
20.4.4.3 Outpatient services
20.4.5 Regulatory/Legal 20.4.5.1 Accreditation
20.4.5.2 Compliance and reporting requirements 20.4.5.3 Confidentiality and HIPAA 20.4.5.4 Consent, capacity, and refusal of care 20.4.5.5 Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) 20.4.5.6 External quality metrics
20.4.6 Risk management
20.4.6.1 Liability and litigation 20.4.6.2 Professional liability insurance 20.4.6.3 Risk mitigation
20.4.7 Evolving trends in health care delivery 20.4.7.1 Public policy
20.4.8 Regionalization of emergency care

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